The main indicator of the quality of motor oil is its viscosity. It is necessary to fill the engine with oil with optimal viscosity, the value of which depends on the design, operating mode and degree of wear of the engine, and on temperature environment and other factors.
Currently, the classification of automotive motor oils according to SAE standard J300 (US Society of Automotive Engineers). The viscosity of the oil in this system is expressed in conventional units - degrees SAE viscosity VG. The following standard viscosity series are distinguished according to this system:
SAE 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W (winter series);
SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 (summer series).
All-season oils combine the properties of oils from both series. They have a combined designation, for example, SAE 10W-40.
A range of all-season oils: SAE 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40, 0W-50, 0W-60, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50, 5W-60, 10W-30, 10W -40, 10W-50, 10W-60, 15W-30, 15W-40, 15W-50, 15W-60, 20W-30, 20W-40, 20W-50, 20W-60.
Summer oil has sufficient viscosity to provide reliable lubrication at high temperatures, but is too viscous at low temperatures, making engine starting difficult. Low viscosity winter oil makes it easier to start a cold engine at low temperatures, but does not provide lubrication in the summer when the engine oil temperature exceeds 100 °C. Therefore, currently the most common are all-season oils, the viscosity of which is less dependent on temperature. On
rice. 1.52 and 1.53 show the temperature ranges for using motor oils. For car engines Volkswagen Passat It is recommended to use all-season oils 15W-40, 15W-50, 20W-50.
The average oil consumption per 1000 km of vehicle mileage is approximately 1 liter.
The engine oil level is checked with the car on a level surface 5 minutes after stopping the engine. To do this, remove the oil level indicator 1 (Fig. 1.54), wipe it with a rag, insert it completely again and then remove it again. The oil level should be between the “MIN” and “MAX” marks (see Fig. 1.54). The volume of engine oil corresponding to the difference in levels between the “MAX” and “MIN” marks on the oil level indicator is approximately 1 liter.
When topping up and replacing, it is necessary to use oils of the same brand, made on the same base. When changing the brand of oil, it is necessary to flush the engine lubrication system special solution. Oils of the same brand with the same base, but different viscosities can be mixed without restrictions.
Engine oil must be changed every 15,000 km to gasoline engine and after 7600 km - for diesel. If the vehicle is used infrequently, the oil should be changed at least once a year along with the oil filter.
To drain the oil, perform the following operations:
– place the car on a horizontal surface or on a lift;
– loosen the drain plug by placing an oil container under it;
– unscrew the plug;
– wait until the oil is completely drained;
– clean the plug with a rag, install a new seal on it;
– screw and tighten the drain plug.
For replacement oil filter do the following:
– place an oil container under the oil filter;
– unscrew the oil filter;
– wait for the oil to drain;
– clean the oil filter installation flange with a rag;
– lubricate the gasket of the installed filter with new oil;
– install a new filter.
Fresh engine oil it is poured through neck 2 (see Fig. 1.54), located on the cylinder head cover.
Replacement frequency:
every 15,000 km
Motor oils:
"LUKOIL-Arctic" (5W-30, 5W-40; SG/CD); "YAR-Marka Super" (5W-30, 5W-40; SG/CD); "Novoil Synth" (5W-30; SG/CD); "ESSO ULTRA" (10W-40; SJ/SH/CD); "ESSO UNIFLO" (15W-40; SJ/SH/CD)
It is best to drain the oil after a trip while the engine is still warm. If the engine is cold, start and warm it up until operating temperature(coolant temperature 80°C according to temperature gauge).
Place the car on a flat horizontal platform or on an inspection ditch.
We recommend using the same brand of oil that was in the engine. If you nevertheless decide to change the brand of oil, flush the engine lubrication system with flushing oil or oil of the same brand that you will be pouring into the engine. To do this, after draining the oil, fill in new oil to the lower mark of the oil level indicator (dipstick). Start the engine and let it idle for 10 minutes. Drain the oil and only then replace the oil filter. Now you can fill in new oil.
Warning
Do not dump used oil on the ground.
| EXECUTION ORDER | ||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
The main indicator of the quality of motor oil is its viscosity. It is necessary to fill the engine with oil with optimal viscosity, the value of which depends on the design, operating mode and degree of wear of the engine, on the ambient temperature and other factors.
Currently, the classification of automotive motor oils according to the SAE J300 (US Society of Automotive Engineers) standard is generally accepted. The viscosity of the oil in this system is expressed in conventional units - SAE VG viscosity grades. The following standard viscosity series are distinguished according to this system:
SAE 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W (winter series);
SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 (summer series).
All-season oils combine the properties of oils from both series. They have a combined designation, for example, SAE 10W-40.
A range of all-season oils: SAE 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40, 0W-50, 0W-60, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50, 5W-60, 10W-30, 10W -40, 10W-50, 10W-60, 15W-30, 15W-40, 15W-50, 15W-60, 20W-30, 20W-40, 20W-50, 20W-60.
Summer oil has sufficient viscosity to provide reliable lubrication at high temperatures, but is too viscous at low temperatures, making engine starting difficult. Low-viscosity winter oil makes it easier to start a cold engine at low temperatures, but does not provide lubrication in the summer, when the engine oil temperature exceeds 100 °C. Therefore, at present, the most common are all-season oils, the viscosity of which is less dependent on temperature. On
And the temperature ranges for using motor oils are given. For engines Volkswagen cars Passat is recommended to use all-season oils 15W-40, 15W-50, 20W-50.
The average oil consumption per 1000 km of vehicle mileage is approximately 1 liter.
The engine oil level is checked with the car on a level surface 5 minutes after stopping the engine. To do this, remove the oil level indicator 1 (dipstick), wipe it with a rag, reinsert it completely and then remove it again. The oil level should be between the “MIN” and “MAX” marks (see). The volume of engine oil corresponding to the difference in levels between the “MAX” and “MIN” marks on the oil level indicator is approximately 1 liter.
When topping up and replacing, it is necessary to use oils of the same brand, made on the same base. When changing the brand of oil, it is necessary to flush the engine lubrication system with a special solution. Oils of the same brand with the same base, but different viscosities can be mixed without restrictions.
Engine oil must be changed every 15,000 km for a gasoline engine and every 7,600 km for a diesel engine. If the vehicle is used infrequently, the oil should be changed at least once a year along with the oil filter.
To drain the oil, perform the following operations:
– place the car on a horizontal surface or on a lift;
– loosen the drain plug by placing an oil container under it;
– unscrew the plug;
– wait until the oil is completely drained;
– clean the plug with a rag, install a new seal on it;
– screw and tighten the drain plug.
To replace the oil filter, follow these steps:
– place an oil container under the oil filter;
– unscrew the oil filter;
– wait for the oil to drain;
– clean the oil filter installation flange with a rag;
Viscosity and Specifications
At the manufacturer's factory, a special high-quality all-season oil is poured into the engine, which is suitable for use at any time of the year, with the exception of particularly cold climatic zones.
You can add oil of a different specification to the engine. The viscosity of the oil should be selected in accordance with the data on . If the air temperature only briefly falls outside the temperature range shown in the figure, the oil should not be changed.
Gasoline engines
A – all-season oils with increased anti-friction properties, VW specification 500 00.
B – all-season oils, specification VW 501 01.
– all-season oils, API-SF or SG specification.
Diesel engines
A – all-season oils with increased anti-friction properties, VW specification 500 00 (for diesel engines turbocharged only when mixed with oil specification VW 505 00).
B – all-season oils, specification VW 505 00 (for all diesel engines),
– all-season oils, API-CD specification (for diesel engines with turbocharging only in case of emergency for topping up).
– all-season oils, specification VW 501 01 (for turbocharged diesel engines only when mixed with oil specification VW 505 00).
Quality of motor oils
All-season oils of specifications VW 501 01 and VW 505 00 are relatively inexpensive and have the following qualities:
– possibility of year-round use in temperate climate zones;
– excellent cleaning properties;
– good lubricity at any temperature and engine load;
– stability of initial properties over a long period of time.
Multi-grade oils with improved anti-friction properties according to the VW 500 00 specification also have additional advantages:
– possibility of use at almost any outside temperature;
– low engine power losses due to friction;
– facilitate starting a cold engine even at very low temperatures.
Warnings
Seasonal oils, due to their specific viscosity-temperature properties, usually cannot be used all year round, so they should only be used in appropriate climatic zones.
When using all-season SAE 5W-30 oils, it is necessary to avoid prolonged operation of the engine at high speed and constant heavy load to the engine. These restrictions do not apply to all-season oils with improved antifriction properties.
Motor oil additives
Additives that reduce friction losses should not be added to engine oil.
Mixing oils
This and similar questions interest many car enthusiasts. Unfortunately, oils cannot be mixed, even if they are oils from leading manufacturers (Shell, Mobil, British Petroleum). Each company produces commercial oils by adding a whole range of additives to the oil base, chemical composition which are kept secret. Therefore, when mixing high-quality oils of the same purpose, manufactured in accordance with the requirements of existing motor oil classification systems, but using technologies from different companies, low-quality mixtures may be obtained due to incompatibility of additives. Oils different companies are interchangeable; engine builders often indicate the possibility of using such oils. But this does not mean that they can be mixed. Systems API classifications and ACEA require the same testing methods (laboratory, bench - motor, etc.) for oils from different companies. If desired (or necessary), automobile manufacturers may introduce additional tests (or more stringent conditions) for oils.
The same applies to mixing mineral or synthetic oils (sometimes even from the same company). Synthetic oils, for example hydrocarbons, from the same company can be mixed. In this case, the oil manufacturer gives appropriate recommendations and bears responsibility. However, it is not uncommon for oils to deteriorate in quality when mixed. As a result, the engine may knock as the mixture of incompatible oils turns to jelly.
Under no circumstances should imported and domestic oils be mixed, especially with the addition of domestic additives. Neither the seller nor the consumer knows the composition of the additives that are added to the oils. Some oils of “domestic origin” are produced by “firms” that do not even have basic knowledge of petroleum products. Sometimes such “specialists” use used oils (even without proper regeneration) to produce “commercial” ones. Use only oils recommended in the owner's manual.
No “cleaners” (Tokron, etc.) can increase octane number gasoline. For this purpose, special additives are used - anti-knock agents, which are added during the production of gasoline at oil refineries, or additives. The cause of detonation (a metallic knock is heard while the engine is running) and glow ignition (the engine continues to run when the ignition is turned off) may be carbon deposits in the combustion chamber.
The increase in compression in the system “with the introduction of certain additives” does not occur due to viscosity additives, since they do not contain them in their composition, but for other reasons.
It is not advisable to reduce oil waste in an old engine and increase compression in the cylinders by using high-viscosity oils, since this will actually lead to an increase in compression in the cylinders, but not for long. Engine repairs will cost more in the future.
The cause of “acoustic” noise in an old engine is its wear and tear, so repairs and subsequent use of high-quality oil will be cheaper. You can reduce the gaps with additives, but the feasibility of this should be understood so as not to harm the engine.
We must make it a rule: use high-quality oil of the same brand that matches the engine and do not mix it with synthetic (or semi-synthetic) oil. The engine will thank you for this with trouble-free operation. Do not buy oil secondhand, as the packaging is easy to counterfeit.
Changing the oil and oil filter
Periodic replacement of oil and oil filter is the most important preventive procedure Maintenance. During operation, engine oil ages - it becomes liquid and contaminated, which leads to premature engine wear.
The oil change should be carried out immediately after a trip with the engine not yet cooled down, so that the oil drains better along with contaminants.
Raise the car on a lift or place it horizontally on an inspection ditch.
Remove the lower engine splash guard.
V6 petrol engines
Unscrew the oil filter ( ). If the filter is difficult to unscrew, use a special key Hazet 2171–1.
Place an oil container under the oil drain hole and unscrew the plug. If necessary, press down on the plug as you unscrew it to prevent the oil from draining prematurely, and drain the engine oil.
Once the oil has completely drained, wipe off the oil around the drain hole and screw in the oil drain plug with a new O-ring.
Wipe the oil filter installation area and screw in a new oil filter.
V8 petrol engines
The oil filter is located at the right rear of the engine.
On V8–5V engines no oil drain plug on the oil filter cover.
Place a container to catch the oil under the drain hole and unscrew the plug. If necessary, press down on the plug as you unscrew it to prevent the oil from draining prematurely, and drain the engine oil.
Unscrew bolt 1 of the fastening and remove the cover and oil filter element.
Wipe the oil filter housing and cover and install a new filter element 5 ( ) oil filter.
Lubricate sealing ring 4 with fresh engine oil, install cover 3 with sealing ring in place and secure with bolt 1 with new seal 2, tightening it to a torque of 25 Nm.
Screw plug 7 with a new sealing ring 6 into the filter cover and tighten it to a torque of 50 Nm.
Wipe off the oil around the drain hole and screw the drain plug into the oil pan, tightening it to a torque of 35 Nm.
Fill the engine with oil of the appropriate brand.
On V8–5V engines, tighten the oil filter cover bolt to a torque of 25 Nm, and the plug to the oil pan to a torque of 50 Nm.
V6 TDI diesel engines
Remove sealing ring 2 and filter element 3 of the oil filter.
Clean the oil filter housing and install a new filter element 3.
Install a new sealing ring 2 on cover 1 and screw the cover onto the body, tightening it with a torque of 25 Nm.
Place an oil drain container under the drain hole and unscrew the plug, pressing down as necessary as you unscrew to prevent the oil from leaking out prematurely, and drain the engine oil.
When the oil has completely drained, wipe the oil around the drain hole and screw in the plug with a new sealing ring, tightening it to a torque of 25 Nm.
Fill the engine with oil of the appropriate brand.
Volkswagen Passat B3 is the flagship car of the Volkswagen company, released in 1988. The model was relevant until 1993 in sedan and station wagon bodies. It was a unique car in comparison with its predecessors, because it had absolutely new platform and transverse engines. This is about gasoline internal combustion engines volumes of 1.6 and 2.0 l (72-136 hp), as well as diesel engines volume 1.6 and 1.9 liters. Gearboxes – “mechanical” or “automatic”. Drive – front-wheel drive or all-wheel drive, depending on the modification. The top version had a VR6 2.8 under the hood with a power of 174 horsepower. As of 1993, 1.6 million third generation Passats had been produced.
Regulations for changing the oil in the internal combustion engine
- loss of oil's main functions leads to an increase in the load on the moving components of the internal combustion engine, which negatively affects specifications car. Severe cases include low compression, scuffing and other frightening consequences leading to major renovation or replacing the internal combustion engine.
- Insufficient heat removal, temperature rise and overheating of the internal combustion engine. The motor runs at harsh conditions and begins to quickly lose its resource, which is fraught with major repairs.
- The protective properties of the oil deteriorate, its lubricating components are lost, resulting in increased noise and vibration, and corrosion on the internal surfaces of the internal combustion engine. The waste liquid is no longer able to fulfill its protective functions.
- The formation of dirt, chips, sediment and other deposits in old oil, which spread through the engine channels. All this leads to unplanned financial expenses.
What engine oil is needed for Volkswagen Passat B3
- Original – 5W-40, 10W-40
- Alternative – Castrol 10W-40, Lukoil Super 10W-40, GM Genuine 10W-40, Total Quartz Diesel 7000 10W-40, G-Energy Expert L 10W-40, 5W-40
